Observation of Coherent Spin Waves in a Three-Dimensional Artificial Spin Ice Structure

Harnessing high-frequency spin dynamics in three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures may lead to paradigm-shifting, next-generation devices including high density spintronics and neuromorphic systems. Despite remarkable progress fabrication, the measurement interpretation of complex 3D structures remain exceptionally challenging. Here, we take a first step measure coherent waves within artificial ice (ASI) structure using Brillouin light scattering. The 3D-ASI was fabricated by combination two-photon lithography thermal evaporation. Two spin-wave modes were observed experiment whose frequencies showed nearly monotonic variation with applied field strength. Numerical simulations qualitatively reproduced modes. simulated mode profiles revealed collective nature extending throughout network nanowires while showing spatial quantization varying numbers. study shows well-defined means explore spintronic magnonic structures.